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The Commission on Elections is mandated to give life and meaning to the basic principle that sovereignty resides in the people and all government authority emanates from them. It is an independent constitutional body created by a 1940 amendment to the 1935 Constitution. Since then, its membership was enlarged and its powers expanded by the 1973 and 1987 Constitutions. The Commission exercises not only administrative and quasi-judicial powers, but judicial power as well.

Before the creation of the Commission, supervision over the conduct of elections was vested in the Executive Bureau, an office under the Department of the Interior, and later directly vested in the Department itself. The close official relationship between the President and the Secretary of the Interior and the perceived compelling influence of the former over the latter bred suspicion that electoral exercises were manipulated to serve the political interest of the party to which they belonged.

The National Assembly was impelled to propose the creation by constitutional amendment of an independent Commission on Elections. The amendment was ratified by the Filipino people in a plebiscite on June 17, 1940 and approved on December 2, 1940.
www. comelec.gov.ph

		The NEDA is the Philippines' social and economic development planning and policy coordinating body.www.neda.gov.ph The National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), as mandated by the Philippine Constitution, is the country’s independent economic development and planning agency. It is headed by the President as chairman of the NEDA board, with the Secretary of Socio-Economic Planning, concurrently NEDA Director-General, as vice-chairman. Several Cabinet members, the Central Bank Governor, ARMM and ULAP are likewise members of the NEDA Board.

The DOLE is mandated to promote gainful employment opportunities, develop human resources, protect workers and promote their welfare, and maintain industrial peace. To know the different services you may avail from the Department of Labor and Employment, visit the DOLE Programs and Projects page now, orcall our hotline (632) 527-8000. For your inquiries, comments or suggestions to improve our delivery of services, please contact us. The Department of Labor and Employment is the primary government agency mandated to promote gainful employment opportunities, develop human resources, protect workers and promote their welfare, and maintain industrial peace.The Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) started as a small bureau in 1908. It became a department on December 8, 1933 with the passage of Act 4121. The Department of Labor and Employment stands as the national government agency mandated to formulate policies, implement programs and services, and serve as the policy-coordinating arm of the Executive Branch in the field of labor and employment.The organization and functions of the Department of Labor and Employment are in accordance with the provisions of Executive Order No. 126, as amended, the Labor Code of the Philippines, and other relevant and pertinent legislations.The Department has exclusive authority in the administration and enforcement of labor and employment laws and such other laws as specifically assigned to it or to the Secretary of Labor and Employment.

www.dole.gov.ph